Boost.Asio翻译（一） oost.Asio翻译（一）

前几天有空来学习大名鼎鼎的Boost库，由于英文看着费劲，就开始自己翻译。费了半天劲，才发现原来已经有前辈做过了，非常感谢…^_^. 转自网络。下面只给出中文版的，有疑惑的请直接链接到官网对照即可（文中已给出链接）。

Boost.Asio翻译（一）

Boost.Asio是一个跨平台的C + +库，它用现代C++方法为网络编程人员提供一致的异步I/O模型。

Using Boost.Asio

如何在你的应用程序中使用Boost.Asio库，以及关于库依赖和所支持平台信息。

Tutorial

介绍使用Boost.Asio必备的基本概念，同时示范如何使用Boost.Aaio开发简单的客户端/服务器程序。

Examples

在更加复杂的应用程序中使用Boost.Asio的示例。

Reference

类和函数的详细参考

Design

Boost.Asio库的基本原理及设计思路。

支持平台：

已测试的平台和编译器：

• Win32 and Win64 using Visual C++ 7.1 and Visual C++ 8.0.
• Win32 using MinGW.
• Win32 using Cygwin. (__USE_W32_SOCKETSmust be defined.)
• Linux (2.4 or 2.6 kernels) using g++ 3.3 or later.
• Solaris using g++ 3.3 or later.
• Mac OS X 10.4 using g++ 3.3 or later.

以下的平台可能也可以使用：

• AIX 5.3 using XL C/C++ v9.
• HP-UX 11i v3 using patched aC++ A.06.14.
• QNX Neutrino 6.3 using g++ 3.3 or later.
• Solaris using Sun Studio 11 or later.
• Tru64 v5.1 using Compaq C++ v7.1.
• Win32 using Borland C++ 5.9.2

依赖性：

以下是使用Boost.Asio必需的链接库：

• Boost.System 中的boost::system::error_code和boost::system::system_error类。
• Boost.Regex (可选)。read_until()或async_read_until()函数的重载形式都需要boost::regex参数。 如果你使用它们，则需要Boost.Regex库。
• OpenSSL(可选) 。如果需要Boost.Asio支持SSL，则需要OpenSSL库。

另外，一些例子需要提供Boost.Thread，Boost.Date_Time 或Boost.Serialization 库的支持。

注意：

使用MSVC或Borland C++，你可能需要在“工程设置”中分别添加-DBOOST_DATE_TIME_NO_LIB和-DBOOST_REGEX_NO_LIB声明，分别禁止Boost.Date_Time和Boost.Regex的自动链接，当然你也可以这样做：build这两个库，然后链接。

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Building Boost Libraries

编译Boost库：

You may build the subset of Boost libraries required to use Boost.Asio and its examples by running the following command from the root of the Boost download package:

你可以在下载包的根目录下执行如下的命令来编译Boost.Asio所必需的Boost库子集。

bjam--with-system--with-thread--with-date_time--with-regex--with-serializationstage

This assumes that you have already builtbjam. Consult the Boost.Build documentation for more details.

这里假设你已经编译了bjam。请参考Boost.Build文档以获得更多信息。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

宏

The macros listed in the table below may be used to control the behaviour of Boost.Asio.

下表中的宏用来控制Boost.Asio的状态。

Macro

Description

BOOST_ASIO_ENABLE_BUFFER_DEBUGGING	Enables Boost.Asio's buffer debugging support, which can help identify when invalid buffers are used in read or write operations (e.g. if a std::string object being written is destroyed before the write operation completes). When using Microsoft Visual C++, this macro is defined automatically if the compiler's iterator debugging support is enabled, unlessBOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_BUFFER_DEBUGGINGhas been defined. When using g++, this macro is defined automatically if standard library debugging is enabled (_GLIBCXX_DEBUGis defined), unlessBOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_BUFFER_DEBUGGINGhas been defined.
BOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_BUFFER_DEBUGGING	Explictly disables Boost.Asio's buffer debugging support.
BOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_DEV_POLL	Explicitly disables /dev/poll support on Solaris, forcing the use of aselect-based implementation.
BOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_EPOLL	Explicitly disablesepollsupport on Linux, forcing the use of aselect-based implementation.
BOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_KQUEUE	Explicitly disableskqueuesupport on Mac OS X and BSD variants, forcing the use of aselect-based implementation.
BOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_IOCP	Explicitly disables I/O completion ports support on Windows, forcing the use of aselect-based implementation.
BOOST_ASIO_NO_WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN	By default, Boost.Asio will automatically defineWIN32_LEAN_AND_MEANwhen compiling for Windows, to minimise the number of Windows SDK header files and features that are included. The presence ofBOOST_ASIO_NO_WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEANpreventsWIN32_LEAN_AND_MEANfrom being defined.
BOOST_ASIO_NO_DEFAULT_LINKED_LIBS	When compiling for Windows using Microsoft Visual C++ or Borland C++, Boost.Asio will automatically link in the necessary Windows SDK libraries for sockets support (i.e. ws2_32.lib and mswsock.lib, or ws2.lib when building for Windows CE). TheBOOST_ASIO_NO_DEFAULT_LINKED_LIBSmacro prevents these libraries from being linked.
BOOST_ASIO_SOCKET_STREAMBUF_MAX_ARITY	Determines the maximum number of arguments that may be passed to thebasic_socket_streambufclass template'sconnectmember function. Defaults to 5.
BOOST_ASIO_SOCKET_IOSTREAM_MAX_ARITY	Determines the maximum number of arguments that may be passed to thebasic_socket_iostreamclass template's constructor andconnectmember function. Defaults to 5.
BOOST_ASIO_ENABLE_CANCELIO	Enables use of theCancelIofunction on older versions of Windows. If not enabled, calls tocancel()on a socket object will always fail withasio::error::operation_not_supportedwhen run on Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, and earlier versions of Windows. When running on Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, and later, theCancelIoExfunction is always used. TheCancelIofunction has two issues that should be considered before enabling its use: * It will only cancel asynchronous operations that were initiated in the current thread. * It can appear to complete without error, but the request to cancel the unfinished operations may be silently ignored by the operating system. Whether it works or not seems to depend on the drivers that are installed. For portable cancellation, consider using one of the following alternatives: * Disable asio's I/O completion port backend by defining BOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_IOCP. * Use the socket object's close() function to simultaneously cancel the outstanding operations and close the socket.

教程指南：

基本技能

本指南的第一部分主要介绍使用Asio工具包所需要了解的基本概念。在进入复杂的网络编程世界之前，这些示例程序将举一些使用简单异步定时器的例子。

• Timer1、使用同步定时器
• Timer2、使用异步定时器
• Timer3、回调函数绑定参数
• Timer4、成员函数作为回调函数
• Timer5、多线程回调同步

介绍套接字

这部分的实例主要介绍如何使用Asio开发简单的客户端/服务器程序。这些程序都基于同时支持TCP和UDP协议的daytime协议。

前三个程序用TCP实现daytime协议。

• Daytime1、同步TCP daytime客户端
• Daytime2、同步TCP daytime服务器
• Daytime3、异步TCP daytime服务器

接下来的三个程序用UDP实现daytime协议。

• Daytime4、同步UDP daytime客户端
• Daytime5、同步UDP daytime服务器
• Daytime6、异步UDP daytime服务器

本部分的最后一个程序演示了asio怎样将TCP和UDP服务器简易的组合到一个程序里。

• Daytime7、结合了TCP/UDP的同步服务器

Boost.Asio是一个跨平台的C + +库，它用现代C++方法为网络编程人员提供一致的异步I/O模型。

Using Boost.Asio

如何在你的应用程序中使用Boost.Asio库，以及关于库依赖和所支持平台信息。

Tutorial

介绍使用Boost.Asio必备的基本概念，同时示范如何使用Boost.Aaio开发简单的客户端/服务器程序。

Examples

在更加复杂的应用程序中使用Boost.Asio的示例。

Reference

类和函数的详细参考

Design

Boost.Asio库的基本原理及设计思路。

支持平台：

已测试的平台和编译器：

• Win32 and Win64 using Visual C++ 7.1 and Visual C++ 8.0.
• Win32 using MinGW.
• Win32 using Cygwin. (__USE_W32_SOCKETSmust be defined.)
• Linux (2.4 or 2.6 kernels) using g++ 3.3 or later.
• Solaris using g++ 3.3 or later.
• Mac OS X 10.4 using g++ 3.3 or later.

以下的平台可能也可以使用：

• AIX 5.3 using XL C/C++ v9.
• HP-UX 11i v3 using patched aC++ A.06.14.
• QNX Neutrino 6.3 using g++ 3.3 or later.
• Solaris using Sun Studio 11 or later.
• Tru64 v5.1 using Compaq C++ v7.1.
• Win32 using Borland C++ 5.9.2

依赖性：

以下是使用Boost.Asio必需的链接库：

• Boost.System 中的boost::system::error_code和boost::system::system_error类。
• Boost.Regex (可选)。read_until()或async_read_until()函数的重载形式都需要boost::regex参数。 如果你使用它们，则需要Boost.Regex库。
• OpenSSL(可选) 。如果需要Boost.Asio支持SSL，则需要OpenSSL库。

另外，一些例子需要提供Boost.Thread，Boost.Date_Time 或Boost.Serialization 库的支持。

注意：

使用MSVC或Borland C++，你可能需要在“工程设置”中分别添加-DBOOST_DATE_TIME_NO_LIB和-DBOOST_REGEX_NO_LIB声明，分别禁止Boost.Date_Time和Boost.Regex的自动链接，当然你也可以这样做：build这两个库，然后链接。

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Building Boost Libraries

编译Boost库：

You may build the subset of Boost libraries required to use Boost.Asio and its examples by running the following command from the root of the Boost download package:

你可以在下载包的根目录下执行如下的命令来编译Boost.Asio所必需的Boost库子集。

bjam--with-system--with-thread--with-date_time--with-regex--with-serializationstage

This assumes that you have already builtbjam. Consult the Boost.Build documentation for more details.

这里假设你已经编译了bjam。请参考Boost.Build文档以获得更多信息。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

宏

The macros listed in the table below may be used to control the behaviour of Boost.Asio.

下表中的宏用来控制Boost.Asio的状态。

Macro

Description

BOOST_ASIO_ENABLE_BUFFER_DEBUGGING	Enables Boost.Asio's buffer debugging support, which can help identify when invalid buffers are used in read or write operations (e.g. if a std::string object being written is destroyed before the write operation completes). When using Microsoft Visual C++, this macro is defined automatically if the compiler's iterator debugging support is enabled, unlessBOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_BUFFER_DEBUGGINGhas been defined. When using g++, this macro is defined automatically if standard library debugging is enabled (_GLIBCXX_DEBUGis defined), unlessBOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_BUFFER_DEBUGGINGhas been defined.
BOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_BUFFER_DEBUGGING	Explictly disables Boost.Asio's buffer debugging support.
BOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_DEV_POLL	Explicitly disables /dev/poll support on Solaris, forcing the use of aselect-based implementation.
BOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_EPOLL	Explicitly disablesepollsupport on Linux, forcing the use of aselect-based implementation.
BOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_KQUEUE	Explicitly disableskqueuesupport on Mac OS X and BSD variants, forcing the use of aselect-based implementation.
BOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_IOCP	Explicitly disables I/O completion ports support on Windows, forcing the use of aselect-based implementation.
BOOST_ASIO_NO_WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN	By default, Boost.Asio will automatically defineWIN32_LEAN_AND_MEANwhen compiling for Windows, to minimise the number of Windows SDK header files and features that are included. The presence ofBOOST_ASIO_NO_WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEANpreventsWIN32_LEAN_AND_MEANfrom being defined.
BOOST_ASIO_NO_DEFAULT_LINKED_LIBS	When compiling for Windows using Microsoft Visual C++ or Borland C++, Boost.Asio will automatically link in the necessary Windows SDK libraries for sockets support (i.e. ws2_32.lib and mswsock.lib, or ws2.lib when building for Windows CE). TheBOOST_ASIO_NO_DEFAULT_LINKED_LIBSmacro prevents these libraries from being linked.
BOOST_ASIO_SOCKET_STREAMBUF_MAX_ARITY	Determines the maximum number of arguments that may be passed to thebasic_socket_streambufclass template'sconnectmember function. Defaults to 5.
BOOST_ASIO_SOCKET_IOSTREAM_MAX_ARITY	Determines the maximum number of arguments that may be passed to thebasic_socket_iostreamclass template's constructor andconnectmember function. Defaults to 5.
BOOST_ASIO_ENABLE_CANCELIO	Enables use of theCancelIofunction on older versions of Windows. If not enabled, calls tocancel()on a socket object will always fail withasio::error::operation_not_supportedwhen run on Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, and earlier versions of Windows. When running on Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, and later, theCancelIoExfunction is always used. TheCancelIofunction has two issues that should be considered before enabling its use: * It will only cancel asynchronous operations that were initiated in the current thread. * It can appear to complete without error, but the request to cancel the unfinished operations may be silently ignored by the operating system. Whether it works or not seems to depend on the drivers that are installed. For portable cancellation, consider using one of the following alternatives: * Disable asio's I/O completion port backend by defining BOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_IOCP. * Use the socket object's close() function to simultaneously cancel the outstanding operations and close the socket.

教程指南：

基本技能

本指南的第一部分主要介绍使用Asio工具包所需要了解的基本概念。在进入复杂的网络编程世界之前，这些示例程序将举一些使用简单异步定时器的例子。

• Timer1、使用同步定时器
• Timer2、使用异步定时器
• Timer3、回调函数绑定参数
• Timer4、成员函数作为回调函数
• Timer5、多线程回调同步

介绍套接字

这部分的实例主要介绍如何使用Asio开发简单的客户端/服务器程序。这些程序都基于同时支持TCP和UDP协议的daytime协议。

前三个程序用TCP实现daytime协议。

• Daytime1、同步TCP daytime客户端
• Daytime2、同步TCP daytime服务器
• Daytime3、异步TCP daytime服务器

接下来的三个程序用UDP实现daytime协议。

• Daytime4、同步UDP daytime客户端
• Daytime5、同步UDP daytime服务器
• Daytime6、异步UDP daytime服务器

本部分的最后一个程序演示了asio怎样将TCP和UDP服务器简易的组合到一个程序里。

• Daytime7、结合了TCP/UDP的同步服务器